Unequal gains: American growth and inequality since 1700

Persistent debate, a new approach, more data, rich findings

Colonial incomes on the eve of the Revolution

When did colonial America get rich?

Losing the lead: the cost of revolution and independence

Unequal economic growth, 1800-1860

The Civil War: growth lost, freedom gained, inequality maintained

Contending forces: American incomes across the late nineteenth century

The greatest leveling of all time

Rising inequality once more, since the 1970s

Inequality and growth: history lessons for the future

Appendix A. A guide to the 1774 and 1800 income estimates

Appendix B. Salaries, payment in kind, and workdays

Appendix C. Estimating slaves' retained earnings, colonial times to 1860

Appendix D. American versus British prices, 1640-1875

Appendix E. A guide to the 1860 income estimates, and some modifications for 1850

Appendix F. A guide to the 1870 income estimates

Appendix G. Farm operators' incomes in 1870

Appendix H. Sources and notes to tables and figures in main text.